rstisthepeople'srepublicofchinaledbytheworkingclass,basedontheallianceofworkersandpeasants,thepeople'sdemocraticdictatorshipofsocialiststate. thesocialistsystemisthebasicsystemofpeople'srepublicofchina.toprohibitanyorganizationorindividualtounderminethesocialistsystem. thesecondpeople'srepublicofchinaallpowerbelongstothepeople. thepeopleexercisestatepowerthroughthenationalpeople'scongressandlocalpeople'scongressatalllevels. peopleinaccordancewiththelaw,byvariouswaysandforms,managementofstateaffairs,manageeconomicandculturalundertakings,themanagementofsocialaffairs. people'srepublicofchinathethirdcountryinstitutionstheprincipleofdemocraticcentralism. nationalpeople'scongressandlocalpeople'scongressatvariouslevelsbythedemocraticallyelected,responsibletothepeople,subjecttotheirsupervision. thestateadministrativeorgans,judicialorgans,theprosecutionproducedbythepeople'scongress,itisresponsible,subjecttoitssupervision. centralandlocaltermsofthedivisionofnationalinstitutions,followingtheunificationofthecentralleadership,andgivefullplaytolocalinitiative,theprincipleofenthusiasm. articleivofthenationalpeople'srepublicofchinaareequal.thestateprotectsthelawfulrightsofethnicminoritiesandtheinterestsofallethnicgroupstomaintainanddeveloptheequality,unityandmutualassistancerelationship.theprohibitionofanydiscriminationandoppressionofthenationtoprohibitthedestructionofnationalunityandtocreateethnicdivisions. states,inaccordancewiththecharacteristicsandneedsofethnicminorities,ethnicminorityareastohelpspeedupeconomicandculturaldevelopment. inhabitedbyvariousethnicgroupsexercisingregionalautonomyinplace,theestablishmentofself-governmentbodies,theexerciseofautonomy.theautonomousareasareinalienablepartofpeople'srepublicofchina. ofallnationalitieshavethefreedomtouseanddeveloptheirownspokenandwrittenlanguageoffreedom,topreserveorreformtheirowncustoms. theimplementationofthefifthpeople'srepublicofchinalaw,andbuildasocialistcountryruledbylaw. thesocialistlegalsystemtosafeguardnationalunityanddignity. alllegal,administrativeorlocalrulesandregulationsshallcontravenetheconstitution. allstateorgansandarmedforces,allpoliticalpartiesandsocialorganizations,businessorganizations,enterprisesmustcomplywiththeconstitutionandthelaw.allinviolationoftheconstitutionandthelawmustbeinvestigated. anyorganizationorindividualmayhavebeyondtheconstitutionandthelaw. sixthpeople'srepublicofchina'ssocialisteconomicsystemisbasedonthesocialistpublicownershipofmeansofproduction,thatis,collectiveownershipbythewholepeopleandtheworkingmasses.socialistpublicownershipsupersedesthesystemofexploitationofmanbyman,anddoingourbesttoimplement,theprincipleofdistributionaccordingtowork. countriesintheprimarystageofsocialism,upholdthepublicownershipisdominantanddiverseformsofownershipofthecommondevelopmentofthebasiceconomicsystem,adheretodistributionaccordingtoworkisdominantandavarietyofmodesofdistributioncoexistsystem. articleviiofthestate-ownedeconomy,thatisownedsocialisteconomy,istheleadingforceinthenationaleconomy.thestateguaranteestheconsolidationofstate-ownedeconomyanddevelopment. articleviiioftheimplementationoftheruralcollectiveeconomicorganizations,basedonthehouseholdlandcontractsystem,thedouble-ecsub-operatingsystemcombination.inruralareasofproduction,supplyandmarketing,credit,consumerandotherformsofcooperationineconomy,thesocialisteconomyundercollectiveownershipbytheworkingpeople.toparticipateintheruralcollectiveeconomicorganizationsoftheworkers,havetherighttothelimitsprescribedbylawoperators自留地,retentionshan,inhouseholdsidelineproductionandraiseprivatelyownedlivestock. citiesandtownsinthehandicraft,industrial,construction,transport,commerce,servicesectorindustriessuchasvariousformsofcooperativeeconomyisasocialisteconomyundercollectiveownershipbytheworkingpeople. nationalurbanandruralcollectiveeconomicorganizationstoprotectthelegitimaterightsandinterests,encouragement,guidanceandassistancetothecollectiveeconomicdevelopment. articleixmineral,water,forests,mountains,grasslands,land,beachesandothernaturalresourcesareownedbythestate,thatisthewholepeople;bylawbelongtothecollectiveofalltheforestsandmountains,grassland,wasteland,exceptthebeach. thestateguaranteestherationaluseofnaturalresourcesandprotectsrareanimalsandplants.toprohibitanyorganizationorindividualbywhatevermeansofoccupationordestructionofnaturalresources. articlexofthelandbelongstothecitystate. ruralandperi-urbanland,exceptbylawbelongstoalltheoutsidecountriesarecollectivelyowned;homesteadand自留地,retentionhill,alsobelongtocollectives. nationalneedsinthepublicinterestcanbeinaccordancewiththelawonexpropriationoflandandchargeorcompensation. noorganizationorindividualmayappropriate,buy,sellorinanyotherformofillegaltransferofland.therighttouselandinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthelawthetransfer. alluseoflandfororganizationsandindividualsmustbereasonableuseofland.
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