tocorrectlyevaluateandthinkaboutthisproblem,forthisreportervisitedthenationalhumangenomeresearchcenterofthesouthethical,legalandsocialdirectoroftheshanghaiacademyofsocialsciences,instituteofphilosophy,shenmingyinfellow.professorshensaid:since1997,theukroslininstitutesuccessfullycloned"dolly"thesheep,thefameandfortuneabroad,therehavebeendrivenin,andtriedtoengageinhumancloningresearch.althoughgovernmentsbanned,butthereportofhumancloninginrecentpresscoverageonmorethanoneoccasionoverthepasttwoyears.however,thespeedsofast,butalsoassociatedwiththecultreallyisappalling. thosewhohavelosttheirbeloveddaughter'sparents,hopethatthroughcloningtechnologytomakehisdaughterbacktolife,thisfeelingisunderstandable.butifthescientiststoconducthumancloningexperiments,itisworthdiscussion.professorshensaid:evenifwebrushasidethecult,whichisundesirable.on"humancloning"thisindividualisconcerned,hewilllivein"iamadeadperson'scopy"ofsuchashadow,whichhewillhavethepsychologicalimpactofwhat? inaccordancewiththeviewsofbioethics,scienceandtechnologyfromalong-terminterests,thebenefitofmankindasawhole.itmustfollowthe"dogood,notharm,autonomyandjustice"ofthesefourinternationallyrecognizedethicalprinciples."dolly"thesheep,afterthesuccessfulcloningofthefailureofmorethan200,deformityormortalityoccurredinthesheep.morecomplexandhumancloningwillundoubtedlyencountermorefailures,iftheproduceunhealthy,abnormalorshort-livedpeople,wouldbeaviolationofhumanrights. professorshenpointedoutthat:itisnowthecloningofthescientificcommunityisdividedintotherapeuticcloningandreproductivecloningoftwo.theformeristheuseofembryonicstemcellcloningofhumanorgansformedicalresearchtoaddresstheshortageoforgantransplantdonor,whichistheinternationalscientificcommunityandtheethicsofcommunitysupport,butthereisapremisethattherapeuticcloningforembryonicpregnancycannotexceed14daysoftheboundaries.asforreproductivecloning,knownashumancloning,sinceit,ingeneral,contrarytoethicalprinciplesoflife,sothemainstreamviewofscientistsisstronglyagainstit.unesco,theworldhealthorganizationandtheinternationalethicscommitteeofthehumangenomeandgovernmentsareveryclearthatoppositiontoreproductivecloning.evenifhumancloningisreallythebirth,westillhavetoadheretothisbasicposition.
[editthisparagraph]克隆利anddisadvantages fromnovember8,2000"wenweipo"text wearetalkingaboutbiotechnology,themainadvantagesanddisadvantagesofcloningreferstoitsadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthe lee:1)cloningtechnologyareabletoremovethosewhocannotbecomeamother,thesufferingofwomen. 2)theimplementationofcloningexperimentspromotedthedevelopmentofgenetics,inorderto"create"canbetransplantedintothehumanbodyopensuptheprospectofanimalorgans. 3)cloningtechnologycanalsobeusedtodetectfetalgeneticdefects.cloningofthefertilizedeggsforthedetectionofavarietyofgeneticdiseases,cloningofembryosandthedevelopingfetusinuteroisidenticaltogeneticcharacteristics. 4)cloningtechnologycanbeusedforthetreatmentofnervoussystemdamage.adults,thereisnoregenerationofnervetissue,butstemcellscanrepairthenervoussysteminjury. 5)invitrofertilizationandsurgery,doctorsoftenneedtobeanumberoffertilizedeggsimplantedintotheuterustodrawintothepregnancystageofscreening.however,manywomenonlyhaveoneeggforfertilization.throughcloningcansolvethisproblem.cloningoftheeggcellcanbecomemorethanusedforfertilization,whichgreatlyimprovedthesuccessrateofpregnancy. disadvantages:1)cloningwillreducethegeneticvariation,arisingfromtheindividualthroughcloninghavethesamegenes,thesensitivityofthesamedisease,adiseasecandestroywholegroupsgeneratedbycloning.canimaginethat,ifacountry'scattleareaproductofthesameclone,avirusisnotseriousmaybethedestructionofthecountry'slivestockindustry. 2)theuseofcloningtechnologywillallowpeopletotendtoalargenumberofbreedingpopulationsofmostexistingusevalueoftheindividual,ratherthantheentirepopulationasanaturalprocesstopromotethesurvivalofthefittest.inthissense,cloningtechnologyinterfereswiththeprocessofnaturalevolution. 3)cloningtechnologyisanexpensivetechnology,requiresalargeamountofmoneyandprofessionalsinvolvedinbiotechnology,thefailurerateisveryhigh.dollyexperimentisonly277results.althoughthedevelopmentofmoreadvancedtechnology,thesuccessratecanonlyreach2-3%. 4)transgenicanimalstoincreasetheriskofdiseasetransmission.forexample,iftheproductionofadrugbovinemilkinfectedwithavirus,thevirusmaybeinfectedthroughthemilkofpatients 5)appliedtohumancloningwouldresultingenetictraitstofuturegenerationsofartificialcontrol.cloningtechnologyiscontroversialwhethertoallowthecoreoftheearlydevelopmentofgeneticmanipulationofhumanembryos.thisiswhatmanyethicistscannotaccept. 6)cloningtechnologycanalsobeusedtocreatea"superman",orhaveastrongphysicalpersonhasmentalretardation.moreover,ifcloningtechnologytoeffectiveuseinhumans,menhavelosttheirgeneticsignificance. 7)thecloningoftheimpactoffamilyrelationswillalsobeenormous.afather'schild-generatedcl << 上一页 [11] [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] [20] ... 下一页 >>
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